Sexual health
Sexual health is a state of physical, emotional, mental and social
well-being in relation to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease,
dysfunction or infirmity. Sexual health requires a positive and respectful
approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of
having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion,
discrimination and violence. For sexual health to be attained and maintained,
the sexual rights of all persons must be respected, protected and fulfilled.
The World
Health Organization defines sexual health as: "Sexual health is a state of
physical, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality. It requires a
positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well
as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of
coercion, discrimination and violence."
Sexual Rights
Unlike the other three aspects of (Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights) SRHR, the struggle for sexual rights include, and focus on,
sexual pleasure and emotional sexual expression. One platform for this struggle
is the World
Association for Sexual health(WAS) Declaration of Sexual Rights.
The Platform for Action from the 1995 Beijing Conference on
Women established that human rights include the right of women freely and
without coercion, violence or discrimination, to have control over and make
decisions concerning their own sexuality, including their own sexual and
reproductive health. This paragraph has been interpreted by some countries
as the applicable
definition of women’s sexual rights. The UN Commission on Human Rights has
established that if women had more power, their ability to protect themselves
against violence would be strengthened.
At the 14th World Congress of Sexology (Hong Kong, 1999), the
WAS adopted the Universal Declaration of Sexual Rights, which includes 11 sexual
rights:
·
The right
to sexual freedom.
·
The right
to sexual privacy.
·
The right
to sexual equity.
·
The right
to sexual pleasure.
·
The right
to emotional sexual expression.
·
The right
to sexually associate freely.
·
The right
to sexual information based upon scientific inquiry.
·
The right
to comprehensive sexuality education.
·
The right
to sexual
health care.
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