Gender.
According to
Mathews, the concept of gender gives recognition to the fact that every known
society distinguishes between women and men. Therefore the term / concept of
gender is a systematic way of understanding men and women socially and the
patterning of relationships between them.
Gender refers to the attitudes, feelings and behaviors that a given
culture associates with a person's biological sex. Behavior that is compatible
with cultural expectations is referred to as gender‐normative;
behaviors that are viewed as incompatible with these expectations constitute
gender non‐conformity (APA, 2012).
The concept of gender helps to study the differences in behaviour between men and women and to analyse the basis of these differences as basically biological or as social constructions by the society.
The concept of gender helps to study the differences in behaviour between men and women and to analyse the basis of these differences as basically biological or as social constructions by the society.
Gender identity
Gender identity refers to “one’s sense of oneself as
male, female, or transgender” (American Psychological Association, 2006). When
one’s gender identity and biological sex are not congruent, the individual may
identify as transsexual or as another transgender category.
Sexual orientation
Sexual orientation refers to the sex of those to whom
one is sexually and romantically attracted. Categories of sexual orientation
typically have included attraction to members of one’s own sex (gay men or
lesbians), attraction to members of the other sex (heterosexuals), and
attraction to members of both sexes (bisexuals).
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